{"id":2451,"date":"2011-07-21T19:22:02","date_gmt":"2011-07-21T18:22:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/morris.cymru\/?p=2451"},"modified":"2023-07-09T21:44:04","modified_gmt":"2023-07-09T20:44:04","slug":"marshall-mcluhan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/morris.cymru\/cy\/2011\/07\/marshall-mcluhan\/","title":{"rendered":"Marshall McLuhan a diwylliant llafar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mae pobol yn y maes cyfryngau yn drafod gwaith Marshall McLuhan wythnos yma. Heddiw yw 100 mlynedd ar \u00f4l ei genedigaeth.<\/p>\n

Fe yw’r boi sy’n enwog am y dyfyniad “y cyfrwng ydy’r neges”. Darllena’r erthyglau yma yn y drefn yma os ti’n chwilfrydig: Douglas Coupland yn y Guardian<\/a>, Kevin Kelly<\/a>,Nicholas Carr<\/a>. Mae lot o stwff arall ar y we. Bonws: McLuhan Sleeveface<\/a><\/p>\n

McLuhan yw un o’r meddylwyr mwyaf hip erioed ond mae fe wastad yn ddiddorol hyd yn oed i rywun sydd ddim mor academaidd o ddydd i ddydd fel fi.<\/p>\n

Fel mae’n digwydd dw i wedi bod yn ddarllen y llyfrau isod.<\/p>\n

McLuhan Hot & Cool, sef erthyglau amdano fe…<\/p>\n

\"McLuhan<\/p>\n

… ac Essential McLuhan, rhai o’i erthyglau a chyfweliadau gyda fe…<\/p>\n

\"Essential<\/p>\n

Dw i’n ddim yn siwr os dw i’n gallu cynnig mewnwelediadau unigryw ond dw i wedi bod yn cadw llygaid mas am gyfeiriadau neu berthnasedd i’r Gymraeg ac ieithoedd bychain. Mae’r darn isod yn brofoclyd a diddorol iawn, o The Gutenberg Galaxy, 1962:<\/p>\n

From the plastic and audile-tactile world of southern Italy came an answer to the lineal anguish of the segmenters of the Gutenberg Milieu. So thought Michelet and Joyce. Let us briefly return to the space question as affected by Gutenberg. Everybody is familiar with the phrase, “the voices of silence.” It’s the traditional word for sculpture. And if an entire year of any college program were spent in understanding that phrase, the world might soon have an adequate supply of competent minds. As the Gutenberg typography filled the world the human voice closed down. People began to read silently and passively as consumers. Architecture and sculpture dried up too. In literature only people from backward oral areas had any resonance to inject into the language – the Yeats, the Synges, the Joyces, Faulkners, and Dylan Thomases.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Er bod ‘backward oral areas’ yn swnio bach yn sarhaus dw i ddim yn si\u0175r os roedd e’n bwriadu swnio yn negyddol. Yn rhai o’i erthyglau mae fe’n s\u00f4n am sefyllfa cyfryngau i bobol Affricanaidd yn y 50au a 60au, sef diwylliant llafar sydd jyst yn wahanol i’r gorllewin – heb unrhyw dyfarniad gwerth amlwg. Er enghraifft roedd lot o bobol yn Affrica ar y pryd yn dibynnu ar eu clustiau am newyddion a gwybodaeth. Roedd strwythur cymdeithas yn wahanol, e.e. mwy o bwyslais ar y cymuned\/llwyth\/grwp yn hytrach na’r unigolyn. Roedd hynny yn wir yn y gorllewin i gyd yn y gorffennol.<\/p>\n

Roedd diwylliant Cymraeg yn eithaf tebyg i ryw raddau. Mae’n eithaf amlwg i fi bod Cymraeg yn fwy o ddiwylliant llafar na diwylliant Saesneg. Gaf i ddweud hynny? Yn oes Gutenberg a Caxton, cawson ni chwyldro’r wasg yn sicr ond ddim cystal \u00e2 Saesneg. Wedyn doedd ddim lot o amrywiaeth yn bapurau a llyfrau Cymraeg. Gweler hanes y llyfrau printiedig cyntaf.<\/a><\/p>\n

\"The<\/p>\n

Dyma theori arall. Mae’n bosib fy mod i’n hollol rong yma – eto. O ran ar-lein efallai mae blogio testun yn Saesneg yn eithaf prif-ffrwd ond bydd rhywbeth fel fideo yn gweithio yn well yn Gymraeg. Mewn ffordd mae’r byd yn mynd yn yr un cyfeiriad. Mae Lawrence Lessig yn dweud:<\/p>\n

Text is today\u2019s Latin. It is through text that we elites communicate\u2026 For the masses, however, most information is gathered through other forms of media: TV, film, music, and music video. These forms of “writing” are the vernacular of today. They are the kinds of “writing” that matter most to most.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Byddwn i’n ychwanegu diweddariadau statws ac iaith tecstio hefyd. Maen nhw yn debyg i iaith lafar, sy’n wahanol i erthyglau hir. (Heddiw dyw rhai o bobol sy’n hollol rugl ddim yn hyderus iawn gyda sgwennu erthyglau hir hefyd – am lot o resymau.)<\/p>\n

Cwestiwn ydy, pa gyfryngau fydd yn gweithio yn dda iawn yn Gymraeg yn 2011? Ar-lein, ddylen ni annog pobol i ddechrau blogiau fideo yn lle testun felly?<\/p>\n

I fod yn onest bydd rhaid i mi ddarllen The Gutenberg Galaxy i’r diwedd am fwy o gyd-destun.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mae pobol yn y maes cyfryngau yn drafod gwaith Marshall McLuhan wythnos yma. Heddiw yw 100 mlynedd ar[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12,408,303,120],"tags":[725,767,766],"class_list":["post-2451","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-iaith","category-llyfrau","category-teledu","category-y-we","tag-cyfryngau","tag-johannes-gutenberg","tag-marshall-mcluhan"],"yoast_head":"\nMarshall McLuhan a diwylliant llafar - Carl Morris<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/morris.cymru\/cy\/2011\/07\/marshall-mcluhan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Marshall McLuhan a diwylliant llafar - Carl Morris\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mae pobol yn y maes cyfryngau yn drafod gwaith Marshall McLuhan wythnos yma. 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